Internal-combustion engine.



No.8'74,122. PATBNTED 1130.17.1901 O.H.SHROYER.

INTBRNALGO'MBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILEDMAB. 12, 1907.

I 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

EE.E fit-1 M! I H as i Jim I ma M ATT'EST. lNUENTOR.

. AH QuuE R H-SHROYER %%m% %W%M HTTY OLIVER H. SHROYER, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 17, 1907.

Application filed Mai-uh 1?.1907. Serial No. 362,053.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIVER H. SHROYER, a citizen of the United States, and resident of St. Louis, Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following is t a specification contaimng a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

bustlon engine of the two cycle type, using gas orcarbureted air as fuel, and t e object of my invention is to provide a simple, inexpensive construction wherein a compression chamber is provided in the lower end of the en e cylinder, and a portion of the piston ro is made in tubular form in order to deliver the explosive' mixture from the compression chamber to the interior of the cylinder above the piston.

A further 0 ject of my invention is to '-'simplify and lessen the amount of packing ordlnarily used in the joints of the crank chamber casin and in the journal bears in which t e engine shaft operates.

o the above purposes, my invention consists in certain nove features of construction and arrangement of parts, which will be hereinafter more fully set forth, pointed out in the claims, and illustrated .111. the accoman drawings, in which: P F igu e 1 is a vertical section taken through the center of an internal combustion engine of my improved construction; Fig. 2 1s a horizontal section taken on the line 22 of Fig.1, Fig. 3 is a horizontalsection taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken approximately on the line 44 of Fig. 2, and showing the exhaust ports leading from the cylinder.

Referring by numerals to the accompanying drawings :1 designates the upper portion of the crank chamber casing which is supported in any suitable manner on a rigid frame 2, and detachably secured to the lower end of said upper portion 1 is the lower portion 3 of the crank chamber casing, and journaled in the casing so formed is the usual crank, shaft 4. Formed integral with the upper portion 1 of the casing is a water jacketed cylinder 5, in the upper end of which is located the usual spark plug 6.

Rigidly fixed to the lower end of the cylinder 5 is a removable head plate 7, and formed integral therewith and extending upwardly M invention relates to an internal corn-v into the lower portion of the c linder 5 is a cylindrical bearing 8, through t e lower portion of which isformed a horizontall arranged port 9. Formed through the ower portion of the cylinder 5, directly-opposite this port 9, is a gas or carbureted air inlet port 10, and fixed to the cylinder and leading into said port 10 is a mixingvalve housing 11, in which operates a spring pressed inlet valve 12. This valve 12 is arranged to be unseated by the suction following the upward movement of the piston in the cylinder -5, and leading into the. valve housing 11 is a hydrocarbon tube 13.

Arran ed for reciprocation through the tubular caring 8 is a piston rod 14, the upper portion of which is provided with a con centric boreror passageway 15, the lower end of which is extended laterally to form a port,

16 which is adapted to register with the port 9; and fixed on the upper end of said rod is a piston 17, which operates in the cylinder 5, and the top surface of'which piston is recessed, as designated by 18.

Formed through the flange surrounding the recess in the top of the piston is an outlet port 19, which is covered b a deflector late 20,- the ends of which are fixed to the ange on the top of the piston.

Formed through the side of the cylinder 5 is a series of exhaust ports 21, with which the port 19 is adapted to register when the piston is at the lower end of its travel; and leading from the exhaust ports 21 is an exhaust pipe 22. Connecting the lower end of the piston rod 14. and the crank of the shaft 4 is a connecting rod 23. Formed integral with the top of the upper portion 1 of the crank casing is a housing 24, which incloses an auxiliary compression chamber 25, and leading from this chamber into the lower end of the cylinder 5 is a port 26, normally closed by a valve 27 carried upon the end of the valve stem 28 which is operated from the exterior of the housing 24.

During the operation of the I engine the valve 12 is drawn open by the suction resulting from the upward movement of the piston 17 in the cylinder,- and during the time said valve is open, hydrocarbon enters. through the tube 13, and air is at the same. time drawnthrough the opening in the lower end ofthc valve chamber 11, thus entering the mixing valve housing together, and passing from thence through the port 10 into the lower portion of the cylinder 5, beneath the piston 17. Thepiston on the next downwardstroke compresses the charge thus drawn into the lower portion of the cylinder 5, and when said piston and piston rod have reached their lower limit of movement, the port 16 coincides with the port 9 and the ex- I plosivev mixture under compression passes through the coinciding ports through 'the:

port or passageway 15 to the interior. of the' 1 cl iarge of gas or carbureted'air in the upper v is transmitted end of the cylinder, and atthe same time draws hydrocarbon and air in through the mixing valve housing, as hereinbefore described; and when said piston, reaches its up ward limit of movement, the charge compressed within the cylinder above the piston 1s ignited in the-usual manner by the spark plug 6, and said piston is forced downward; and the ener y developed by the explosion to the crank shaft 4 by means of the piston rod Y14: and connecting rod 23 in the usual manner.

The deflector plate 20 tends to prevent the discharge of the explosive mixture from the upper end of the cylinder immediately after the burnt gases have discharged. through the ports 19 and 21; and, whenever desired, said ports 19 and 21 may be so located as to register slightly in advance of the corresponding action of the ports 9 and 16.

The formation of apassageway through a portion of the piston rod provides simple means for delivering the explosive charge from the compression chamber to the inter1or of the cylinder above the piston, and all exterior conveying tubes, valves, and ports are thus done away with; and, whenever desired, a larger compression chamber may -be provided by merely opening the valve 26, 'thus bringing the auxiliary compression i chamber 25 into communication with the compression chamber below the piston.

By roviding the head plate 7 in the lower end 9 the cylinder, and formin the tubular bearing 8 integral therewith, all packing be- ;Ween the crank shaft and crank shaft housg may be dispensed with, as the compres- S1'on of the explosive chargeisaccomphshed lnfthe lower end of the engine cylinder in- Stead of in the crank chamber casin An internal combustion engine of jmy improved construction comprises a minimum number of parts, is easily assembled, is very compact, and develops a maximum amount of power with minimum size and weight.

claim 1. An internal combustion engine, com- .rising a cylinder, a head plate closing the ower end thereof, a tubular piston rod operating through said head plate, a piston withn the cyhnder on the piston rod, means whereby an explosive charge is delivered to of the cylinder, there being an inlet port formed through the piston rod, a piston fixed on the piston rod and operating in the cylinder, an inlet valve for controlling the I inlet of gas to the compression chamber of the cy1inder,and there being a port formed through the bearing for the piston rod at the lower end of the cylinder and leading from the compression chamber with which the port in the piston rod registers when the piston is at the end of its compression stroke.

3. An internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder, the lower end of which is closed to form a compression chamber, a piston rod operating through the lower end of the cylinder, a'piston operating tln'iulgh said cylinderon the piston rod, means whereby an explosive charge is drawn into the compression chamber on the lower end of the cylinder, and means whereby the explosive charge is' delivered through the piston rod to the end of the cylinder opposite the compression chamber;

4. An internal combustion engine. comprising a cylinder, the lower end of which is closed to form a compression chamber. a tubular piston rod operating through the lower end of the cylinder, a piston fixed on the piston rod within the cylinder, there being a port formed through the bearing for the piston rod atvthe lower end of the cylinder and leading from the compression chamber and adapted to coincide with a port in. the tubular piston rod, an auxiliary compression chamber arranged adjacent the cylinder and adaptedto imnnnunicate with the compression chamber in said cylinder.

5. An internal combustion engine, (()ll\ prising a cylinder, the lower end of which is closed to form a compression clnnnber, a piston rod operating through the lower end of the cylinder, a piston fixed on the piston, rod within the cylinder, there being a port formed through a portion of the piston rod, there. being a port formed through the bearing for the piston rod at the lower end of the cylinder and leading from the compression amher, with which port the port in the piston rod is adapted to register, there being a gas In testimony whereof, I have signed my inlet port into the oompression chamber, name to this specification, in presence-of two there being an exhaust port leading from the subscribing witnesses.

interior of the cylinder, and a defiector'plate OLIVER H. SHROYER. 5 carried by the piston for partially closing Witnesses: the exhaust port When the piston is at the M. P. SMITH,

lower end of its stroke. H. G. FLETCHER. 

